1. 📌 Dry Eye Syndrome
   • Propylene glycol and glycerin (the main components of vape liquid) may cause eye irritation and contribute to dry eyes.
   • Vape aerosols irritate the conjunctiva and tear film.
2. 📌 Impaired Blood Circulation in the Retina
   • Nicotine causes vasoconstriction, which may reduce blood supply to the retina—a crucial part of the eye.
   • This can increase the risk of retinopathies, especially in individuals with diabetes or hypertension.
3. 📌 Potential Damage to the Optic Nerve
   • Nicotine and toxins may affect the optic nerve, increasing the risk of neuropathies.
4. 📌 Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
   • Vape aerosols can trigger inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress, harming retinal cells.

🔵 What Do Studies Say?

• Some studies indicate that vape users more frequently complain of eye discomfort, irritation, dryness, and redness:

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38993422

https://www.aaojournal.org/article/S0161-6420(24)00703-6/abstract

https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/8/3/e019850

• Research is not yet conclusive, but it suggests a potential risk, especially with prolonged or intense use.

✅ Recommendations for Vapers:

• Avoid vaping in enclosed spaces and around people with eye issues.
• Control indoor air humidity levels.
• Regularly check vision, especially if symptoms like dryness, redness, or worsening sight appear.
• If discomfort arises, consult an ophthalmologist.