The Boston type I keratoprosthesis is an artificial corneal device. It is implanted to treat various severe corneal diseases where conventional penetrating keratoplasty is not feasible. Initially, the Boston keratoprosthesis was used in patients who required repeat keratoplasty due to graft failure in the past. Modern indications for using the Boston keratoprosthesis include ocular trauma, vascularized post-infectious opacities, limbal stem cell deficiency, aniridia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, silicone oil keratopathy, and more. These indications cover conditions where traditional penetrating keratoplasty may be ineffective due to infectious, inflammatory, or avascular reasons.

In Ukraine, for the first time, SI "The Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy of NAMS of Ukraine" performed keratoprostheses implantation with a Boston type I keratoprosthesis in a patient from the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The patient had vascularized corneal opacities, corneal scarring, aphakia, aniridia, avitreous, and compensated secondary glaucoma in one eye. The patient had previously undergone enucleation of the affected eye due to trauma and cataract extraction with vitrectomy and silicone tamponade in the other eye. Prior to surgery, visual acuity was equivalent to correct light projection. The surgical procedure involved implanting the Boston keratoprosthesis and removing the epiretinal membrane by two surgical teams from the corneal pathology and post-traumatic eye pathology departments.

As a result, the Boston keratoprosthesis implantation, combined with epiretinal membrane removal, led to improved visual acuity with correct light projection up to 0.14 according to the Viazovskiy-Shevalev table. No early postoperative complications were observed during the 2-month follow-up.